Doctors of optometry are independent primary
health care providers who examine, diagnose, treat and manage
diseases and disorders of the visual system, the eye and
associated structures as well as diagnose related systemic
conditions. Optometrists examine the internal and external
structure of the eyes to diagnose eye diseases like glaucoma,
cataracts and retinal disorders; systemic diseases like
hypertension and diabetes; and vision conditions like nearsightedness,
farsightedness, astigmatism and presbyopia. Optometrists
also do testing to determine the patient's ability to focus
and coordinate the eyes, and to judge depth and see colors
accurately. They prescribe eyeglasses and contact lenses,
low vision aids, vision therapy and medicines to treat eye
diseases.
As primary eye care providers, optometrists are an integral
part of the health care team and an entry point into the
health care system. They are skilled in the co-management
of care that affects the eye health and vision of their
patients and an excellent source of referral to other
health care professionals.
The optometrist has completed pre-professional undergraduate
education in a college or university and four years of
professional education at a college of optometry, leading
to the doctor of optometry (O.D.) degree. Some optometrists
complete a residency.
